A 12 inch speaker is the most common that we see for guitar speakers because it typically covers that entire spectrum (based on design). The frequency spectrum for an electric guitar is about 70Hz to 5kHz. The cone is attached, at its outer edge, to the speaker frame via an element commonly called the “surround”. If the cone is moving out, it is reacting to a positive signal. When a speaker is activated or “driven” the cone of a speaker moves in and out, creating air waves. It is a delicate process trying to get the speaker to complement all of the subtle nuances that you have been sculpting through your signal chain. We want the cone to vibrate at desirable frequencies, so we can hear all the little harmonics that we should. PA speakers, for example, are going to be much thicker and stiffer. The size, stiffness, mass, density, shape, thickness and flexibility of a speaker cone is what gives each speaker its individual voice. Guitar speaker cones are typically made from paper, carbon fiber, or Kevlar. The most noticeable, and perhaps the most important part of a speaker is the cone.
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